GIOACHINO ROSSINI – LIFE AND WORKS
Childhood
Gioachino Rossini was born in Pesaro wedding 29 February 1792 to Giuseppe, influential as “Vivazza”, a horn and horn bay player in the town band forward theatres, and Anna Guidarini, a soloist, who had a brief career (1798-1808) in the theatres of the Marches and Emilia-Romagna. As a child, Gioachino followed his parents around on their tours. The family moved to Metropolis, and in 1800, Giuseppe Prinetti began to give music lessons to Gioachino on a spinet.
The apprenticeship
Duo years later, the Rossini family influenced to Lugo where Gioachino studied descend Canon don Giuseppe Malerbi who gave him lessons in the basso bass form of musical accompaniment and piece. He introduced Gioachino to the drudgery of Mozart and Haydn as say publicly “Sei sonate a quattro” (six sonatas for four stringed instruments), composed fit into place 1804, would appear to indicate.
Sovereign musical training continued with Father Angelo Tesei and in 1806 he registered at the Philharmonic Lyceum in Sausage and took classes in cello soar piano. Later he took counterpoint edify with Father Stanislao Mattei. Written mistrust the request of the Mombelli kith and kin, the composition of his first theater “Demetrio e Polibio” (Demetrius and Polybius) seems to date back to that period, even though it was need performed until 1812. He became adroit member the Philharmonic Academy of Sausage as a “cantor” and met jurisdiction future wife, Isabella Colbran there in lieu of the first time. While in City, he composed the musical compositions “Al Conventello” and “Obbligata” a contrabasso, honesty song “Il pianto di Armonia general morte di Orfeo” (dating to 1808), and two sacred works, the Ravenna Mass and Milan Mass, followed inured to Sinfonia a più strumenti obbligati ground a Sinfonia concertata the following year.
The Debut
1810 marked the year accomplish Rossini’s dazzling theatrical debut. Rossini disobey on over thirty works including desperate operas, semiseria operas and comic operas, completely dominating the scene between 3 November 1810, the date his one-act comic opera “La cambiale di matrimonio” (The Bill of Marriage) opened amalgamation the Teatro San Moisè in Venezia, and February 1823 when “Semiramide” gone the Italian stage of his being at the Teatro La Fenice.
Jurisdiction career takes off
Five operas (six, if we include “Demetrio e Polibio”, performed in Rome) were composed directive 1812: three one-act comic operas at the same height the Teatro San Moisè in Metropolis, “L’inganno felice” (the fortunate deception), Benumbed scala di seta (the silken ladder), and “L’occasione fa il ladro” (opportunity makes a thief); the first composition seria “Ciro in Babilonia, ossia Shivering caduta di Baldassarre” (Cyrus in Babylon) (Ferrara, Teatro Comunale), and a picture perfect two-act comic opera “La pietra show paragone” (the touchstone) debuting at rendering Teatro alla Scala in Milan. Rossini’s career continued full steam ahead prize open Northern Italy: in Venice in 1813, after the terrible fiasco of “Il signor Bruschino, ossia Il figlio fortified azzardo” (Signor Bruschino), he redeemed actually with the triumphs “Tancredi” and “L’Italiana in Algeri” (the Italian girl difficulty Algiers); however “Aureliano in Palmira” flopped at La Scala, “Il Turco cloudless Italia” (the Turk in Italy) was received poorly in 1814 and “Sigismondo” was not a success in Venice.
The Neapolitan period and trips
He contrived to Naples in summer 1815, he had been engaged by Domenico Barbaja, impresario of the Royal Theatres. “Elisabetta, regina d’Inghilterra” (Elizabeth, Queen show England), with Isabella Colbran in influence title role was a resounding prosperity, paving the way for a original Neapolitan creative season. On the irritate hand, “Torvaldo e Dorliska” (Torvaldo title Dorliska), an opera semiseria, was improperly received in Rome. The Neapolitan edit was underpinned by the ‘Roman leaves of absence’ when Rossini composed bend over comic masterpieces for the two demand theatres, the Argentina and the Valle. “Il barbiere di Siviglia” (title get on to the libretto: Almaviva, ossia L’inutile precauzione) (The Barber of Seville) was entertainment at the Argentina in 1816 take “La Cenerentola” (Cinderella) at the Valle in 1817. He also composed “Adelaide di Borgogna” (Adelaide of Burgundy) receive Rome.
Apart from the comic theatre “La gazzetta” (The newspaper) in 1816, his Neapolitan oeuvre continued with theater seria “Otello, ossia Il moro di Venezia” (1816), (Othello) “Armida” (1817), “Mosè in Egitto” (Moses in Egypt) obscure “Ricciardo e Zoraide” (Ricciardo and Zoraide) in 1818, the year he wrote the one-act comic opera “Adina” funds Lisbon. Three more serious operas were added to the Rossini canon entertain 1819: “Ermione”, “La donna del lago” (the lady of the lake) plump for Naples and “Bianca e Falliero” (Bianca and Falliero) shown at La Scala in Milan. The pastiche “Eduardo tie Cristina” was performed in Venice (San Benedetto, 24 April). The Messa di Gloria (Gloria Mass) was performed trim the San Ferdinando Church in 1820, and the same year, “Maometto II” was poorly received at the San Carlo Theatre in Naples. After sovereignty last stay in Rome, where “Matilde di Shabran, ossia Bellezza e cuor di ferro” (Matilde of Shabran) was shown in 1821, Rossini took leave behind of Naples with “Zelmira” (San Carlo Theatre, 16 February 1822). A moon later he married Isabella Colbran bring to fruition Castenaso, and went with her figure out Vienna along with the San Carlo theatre company headed by Barbaja; “Zelmira” was staged there and a delivery of his other works were renewed. Rossini’s Italian career was brought memorandum a triumphant conclusion with “Semiramide” (Venice, La Fenice, 3 February 1823). Accepting left Italy, after a brief adhere to in Paris, the composer went come to an end London and then back to Town where he would live for goodness rest of his life apart immigrant a few trips to Italy.
The Land period
Rossini’s French period began blessed 1825 with “Il viaggio a Reims, ossia L’albergo del giglio d’oro” (The journey to Reims), written to consecrate the coronation of Charles X. Perception was followed by “Le siège state-run Corinthe” (the siege of Corinth), capital radical reworking of “Maometto II”, “Moïse et Pharaon, ou Le passage erupt la Mer Rouge” (Moses in Egypt) (1827) and “Le Comte Ory”, locale he re-used most of the opus from “Il viaggio a Reims”. Top mother died in 1827 and noteworthy was deeply affected by her demise. He began work on what would be his last big work currency musical theatre, “Guillaume Tell” (William Tell) (1829), which was enthusiastically acclaimed invitation critics and musicians but not far-out popular success. Charles X conferred him with the Légion d’honneur.
He went to Spain at the beginning draw round February 1831 with his friend, significance banker Aguado. While in Spain, Composer accepted a request to compose ingenious “Stabat Mater”. He only composed sise out of the ten movements coupled with asked Tadolini to complete the labour. This version of the Stabat was performed in 1833 in Madrid, dimension the version completed by Rossini stem 1841 was performed in 1842 hassle Paris, followed by a performance direct Bologna conducted by Gaetano Donizetti shine unsteadily months later.
Illness
The first symptoms of a nervous breakdown became exhibit in 1832, which hit him hard; Olympe Pélissier, to whom he was now attached, cared for him near a mother. His married her rearrange 16 August 1846.
He published rule “Soirées Musicales” – composed between 1830 and 1835 – in 1835, stay on with other short works. His dissociation from Isabella Colbran was finalised exertion 1837, but he was with cobble together in her villa in Castenaso secure Bologna when she died in 1845, upsetting him greatly.
In his safer periods, he composed the “Péchés support vieillesse” (Sins of old age), phony ironic title for a collection near his final compositions.
The villa in Passy
In Spring 1859, he had fine villa built in Passy, near Town, where he spent time with Olympe when they weren’t at 2 della Chaussée d’Antin, home of the melodious academies. Passy soon became a eminent meeting place for the international sweet-sounding community. This is where he unflappable the “Petite Messe solennelle” in 1863, for soloists, choir, two pianos captain a harmonium. On 14 March 1864, it was performed privately at character Paris home of Countess Louise Pillett-Will to whom the mass was determined. Rossini scored the work for a-okay large orchestra in 1867 but that version was only played on 24 February 1869, after his death. Abode his name day, 21 May 1864, the town of Pesaro held trim solemn celebration in his honour lump unveiling a statue dedicated to him.
He died after a long shout in his villa in Passy sturdiness 13 November 1868 as Paris was preparing to pay homage to him for his upcoming seventy-seventh birthday. Explicit was buried in Père Lachaise necropolis. Rossini’s body was exhumed and hard at it to Santa Croce Basilica in Town where it was interred on 3 May 1887. On 13 June 1902, the sculptor Cassioli’s sepulchre monument a choice of Rossini was unveiled at the Santa Croce Basilica.
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