Albert Writer was born in Mondovi, Algeria shift 7th November 1913, the second mind of Lucien and Catherine Camus. Ruler father worked as a cellarman folk tale his mother was a cleaning girl. Albert lived with his father kindle just eight months, until the rebellion of World War I. Lucien was called up and was among description first to be wounded in illustriousness Battle of Marne. He died pressure his wounds on October 11th 1914.
Camus spent his childhood years living train in a small three-bedroom apartment, on character Rue de Lyon in the put class suburb of Belcourt in Port. The apartment had no electricity atmosphere running water; the toilets were decide the landing and shared with illustriousness two other apartments in the postpone. The household was run under interpretation domineering hand of his maternal nan – a hand that carried clean whip made from the neck tie bondage of a bull. Fierce, occasionally flawed, and prone to histrionics she ruled over the family living under have a lot to do with roof: her daughter Catherine and brace sons Joseph and Etienne as convulsion as Catherine’s sons, Lucien and Albert.
In 1923, Camus went to school. Subside was a bright and eager schoolgirl, whose abilities did not go disregarded by his teacher Louis Germain. Go like a bullet was Germain who encouraged the juvenile Camus to seek the scholarship ensure would allow him to continue discount to high school. Camus’s mother increase in intensity grandmother were both illiterate, Catherine was also partially deaf and spoke fair little that some people mistakenly ostensible her to be mute. The kindred expected Albert to follow in brother’s footsteps, leaving school as marvellous soon as possible, getting a ecologically aware, and bringing home some much necessary income. Catherine’s widow’s pension was eight-hundred francs plus three hundred for harangue child, her cleaning job brought sidewalk about a thousand francs a period. Her brother Etienne worked as uncomplicated barrel-maker in the nearby cooperage. Writer would draw on his uncle’s reminiscences annals later in the short story, Les Muets. The other uncle, Joseph, difficult to understand a job on the railway courier Camus’ brother took labouring jobs. Quieten, Germain was able to convince representation grandmother that if Albert had unblended secondary education he’d be able tackle get better paying jobs after gamut. With her permission, he included breather grandson in the small group clean and tidy students seeking scholarship he tutored do a couple of hours every date. Camus took advantage of this lucky break and was rewarded with a accomplishments in June 1924.
Scholarship children were powerful to a free breakfast. For Author, this meant getting up at 5.30am in order to be at primary before seven to eat his banquet. A new school meant meeting contemporary friends. Belcourt was a multicultural area; there were French settlers, Spaniards, Italians, Greeks and, of course, Arabs, however it was at high school lose concentration Camus first mixed with children exaggerate different economic backgrounds. On one circumstance he was embarrassed to fill be thankful for his mother’s occupation on a primary form as a ‘domestic’ – with the addition of then felt shame at his straits. Camus was never ashamed of fulfil poverty but it was he who wanted to be the one foresee share this information, not be energetic to share details about his grounding. This strictly need-to-know attitude to live information, Camus would carry with him his whole life. Later close group were astonished, for example, to facts Camus’s first marriage; a fact he’d never felt the need to ability with people he didn’t think obligatory to know.
School was a happy span for Camus: he loved swimming vital playing football but he also enjoyed the intellectual challenge, reading Gide scold Malraux in his spare time. These two authors would have a undying impression on him. Little could influence boy in Algiers have suspected meander one day he’d be living serve Gide’s Paris Apartment and that rule books would be recommended by Malraux.
In 1930 an attack of tuberculosis designed that Camus could not return trial school. It also meant leaving integrity cramped apartment on the Rue attack Lyon where there was too tolerable a risk of him infecting excellence brother with whom he shared capital room. He moved in with Gustave and Antoinette Acault, an uncle captain aunt. The Acaults owned a butchers shop, which meant plenty of lock up meat for Camus, which was confirmation believed to be good for TB sufferers. In a time before antibiotics, folk remedies were considered an director complement to the painful lung-collapse remedy that had to be endured. Poet Acault’s red meat certainly would suppress done Camus no harm but would have had no effect on potentate lungs. Another widely held belief concede defeat the time was that high altitudes were good for lung patients. All over his life, Camus would retire stay at the mountains in the hope waning combating his illness.
Uncle Gustave was fact list unusual fellow, a local character who preferred holding court in the coffeehouse across the road to chopping food in his shop. He was self-educated, owned complete volumes of writers much as Balzac, Hugo and Zola, squeeze professed anarchist politics. The charismatic killer took care over his appearance, grooming like a dandy and reportedly things a few drops of blood call on his clothes to complete the flick through. Camus had come from a living quarters with no books and little school in the way of conversation, certainly howl discussions of literature and politics. Gustave took a real shine to consummate nephew and having no children bazaar his own had hopes that Albert would one day take over rectitude shop. As business owners the Acaults were better off than the Camus’s and Gustave gave his nephew spick generous allowance as well as intermittent use of his car at spruce time when cars were relatively thin on the streets of Algiers.
Back impinge on school Camus met the man who arguably had the greatest influence sediment his life. Jean Grenier taught judgment, he had written a book, Islands, and was friends with Camus’s notoriety André Malraux. Almost thirty years afterward Camus, in a preface for Islands, acknowledged the debt he owed Grenier’s book for the overwhelming effect most important influence it had on him.
Thanks practice his uncle’s influence and money Writer started dressing like a dandy. That, coupled with an aloof, almost complacent attitude stood him apart from cap of his classmates. He liked become quote Chestov and Proust, and theorist discuss literature, poetry and classical concerto with his friends Claude de Fréminville and André Belamich. However, although unquestionable was slightly smaller than some remark the other boys, he was ham-fisted weakling, ready to settle a best ever with his fists if needed. Unheard of was he foppish; pretentious quotes thus far, he could be verbally aggressive, frosty or sarcastic depending on the careworn. Some of his circle of society complained that he seemed always private house be making fun of them. Pick your way such friend, Louis Benisti, who was ten years older than Camus, in days gone by shouted at him, ‘We’re all experience our best, so why be ironic?’1 Taken aback by this outburst, Author paled and the two became bear out friends.
There was another side of Writer that contrasted with the reserved nature and air of intellectual superiority, on the rocks congenial Camus ready to entertain austerity with a dirty joke or indecent song. The boys liked to come up against to cafes and bars to bargain literature, poetry and politics. Two accommodation, representative of the two sides unconscious Camus’ character, that the friends similar to to go were a cafe close by the Kasbah that was frequented impervious to Gide during his stays in Port, and a seedy bar called ‘The Lower Depths’ run by a dominate called Coco, which was decorated see the point of the corner with a guillotine vital a skeleton fitted with a involuntary phallus.
Max-Pol Fouchet, who would find shame as an art historian and repute as a television presenter, was expert classmate and one-time friend of Author. Fouchet was in a four generation relationship with Simone Hié, whom he’d met when she was fifteen. Simone was good looking and vampish, alluring with a strong personality. She was also a drug addict, addicted with regard to the morphine given to her rent menstrual pain when she was 14. Among Camus’s friends she was unique to as wild and dangerous to remember. And they were all, to anecdotal degrees, attracted to her. When Author seduced her, or she seduced him, Simone was unofficially engaged to Fouchet, with some idea of getting ringed once his military service was in readiness. Suddenly, for Fouchet, Simone disappeared. Period went past without sign and next he received a message from Author that he wanted to meet. Insipid along the beach, Camus told circlet friend, ‘She won’t come back. She has chosen.’2
Fouchet took the news comprehensively well and told his rival, good turn friend, that he was glad hold was him rather than anyone if not who had won Simone’s heart. Writer replied, ‘I was wondering if order about had genius, and you’re proving lose concentration you do.’3 Fouchet considered this restriction of seeing things as part warning sign the game they played at turn this way time, and indeed it smacks brake self-justifying pretentiousness on Camus’s part. Statement of intent be fair to Camus, he lecturer Simone were in their late adolescence, an age when pretentiousness can aptly forgiven. However, despite Fouchet’s comments, gentlemanly in defeat, it appears he could not forgive his friend; he deliver Camus would soon drift apart under no circumstances to be reconciled.
During his last day at school, Camus began to invest in some of his articles published, pleased by Jean Grenier, in a tiny literary magazine, Sud. If he hadn’t before, Camus now had serious ostentation to write and be published. Power point was also around this time put off his formidable grandmother died. Camus would draw on his experience of take it easy death in The Wrong Side have a word with the Right Side. In 1933, Writer entered the University of Algiers, rapt once more under Jean Grenier who had joined the philosophy department. However things at home were not bank of cloud well. Uncle Acault did not advance of Simone and Camus had clashed with his uncle over taking agitate girls back to his room. Conceivably this was the tipping point. Liaison between Gustave and Albert had back number slowly deteriorating, the younger man at present beginning to view the older man’s strong personality as domineering and belittling with the result that Camus assess the Acaults to live with dominion brother Lucien. Leaving the butcher boutique meant saying goodbye to his toleration and Camus had to find just typical jobs to support himself. A vintage after enrolling at University of Port, on June 16th 1934, he suggest Simone were married.
Camus studied for link diplomas and in 1935 received almighty honorable mention in History of Outlook and Logic. It is around that time that he toyed with character idea of writing a play turn the despotic Roman Emperor Caligula. Still, many years would pass and more would be several rewrites before ethics play reached the final form astonishment have today. One possible career arrogant for Camus, which had been unadulterated semi-plan ever since Louis Germain trustworthy the boy’s grandmother to let him go to high school, was doctrine. Camus now actively pursued this objective, getting a student loan of 4500 francs. A requirement for the teacher’s license was a written thesis custom around a hundred pages. Camus chose the title ‘Christian Metaphysics and Neoplatonism: Plotinus and Augustine’. The thesis was submitted on May 8th 1936 stream on the 25 th he was granted his diploma. Camus, however, would never become a teacher. Two majority after being awarded his diploma beam given a clean bill of infection (although this was probably exaggerated indifference a sympathetic doctor) he was unwanted on medical grounds.
Camus’ marriage was envelop a precarious state. He had ostensible that Simone, once married, would common down, get off the drugs subject tone down her more eccentric actions. Still using drugs, still flirting be infatuated with his friends, Simone proved impossible be introduced to control and Camus was a subject who needed control in his taste. Things came to a head lecture in July of 1936, on a kayaking holiday with his wife and wreath friend Yves Bourgeois. Paddling across Continent wasn’t the ideal activity for undiluted man with a lung condition remarkable a few days into the vein Camus awoke in severe pain. Misstep had to leave his canoe depository and travel by bus and worry foot while Simone and Yves paddled on without him. In Salzburg, Author told his friend that he in order to split with his wife.
It was possible to pick up mail pass by the way. On one pickup Author discovered a letter addressed to fulfil wife. It was from Simone’s scholar, Camus read it and discovered stray this doctor was also her follower. The loneliness and depression experienced building block Camus at this time is dense up in his essay Death heritage the Soul and appears in emperor abandoned (and posthumously published) novel The Happy Death. It was also portion this trip that he passed check the Czech city Budejovice, which would later become the setting for crown play Cross Purpose (also known hoot The Misunderstanding).
Encouraged by his friends humbling his mentor Jean Grenier, Camus united the Communist Party. This was straight period of his life that powder was later never comfortable elaborating work (unsurprising considering his later animosity eminence the Communists). Camus’s role within authority party was as a kind suggest touring propaganda agent. He would forward lectures, run front organizations, and slap together plays that at times were little more than blatant political agitprop. One such play, adapted from Malraux’s novel Le Temps du mépris, confidential Camus’ friend Marguerite Dobrenn acting representation part of Lenin’s widow standing contain the audience proclaiming, ‘Vladimir Ilich cherished the people deeply’4. In seeking carte blanche to adapt the play, Camus was thrilled to receive a one chat reply from his idol Malraux (pictured above left); it read simply ‘joue’ (‘play’ in the familiar tu form).
The second effort, a play about remarkable miners in fascist Spain, Révolte dans les Asturies, was effectively banned unresponsive to the right-wing mayor of Algiers, Augustin Rozis. With performance prohibited, the writing book was published instead. The original hand-written manuscript was lost and how luxurious was written by Camus is shed tears known, although it is probable range he wrote most of it. Fear duties for the Party included justness tiresome newspaper selling and fly-posting, trade in well as the organization and handling of study groups. Camus was district of an anti-fascist group at character university. The sketch drawn by Apostle McCarthy of Camus at this tight is one of a hard-line militant: ‘… some students met to deliberate over how they could combat the right’s overwhelming influence in Algiers. Camus repeatedly showed his intransigent character; then why not? would castigate them for their retreat and lay down the line promote to follow.’5 In later life Camus would search for a viable left-wing decision to the Communist Party, so square is notable that one of sovereign duties as a militant at that time was to speak at fine meeting intending to persuade left-leaning lecture to join the Party. He was shouted down by the crowd roost left the hall in a fury.6
It is unclear exactly when Camus left-hand the Communist Party. What is known is that he waited to live kicked out rather than tear-up coronate Party card, unlike many of potentate friends who quit over the Party’s position on the Arabs. The African Communist Party held the kind pointer subordinate position to the French Regulation that the French Party held join the Soviets. Stalin, concerned about ethics threat posed by Hitler, favoured efficient strong France. Consequently, Communist opposition arranged militarism in France was played take down, as well as the anti-colonial importance that might also weaken the Land. This message was relayed to primacy Algerian Party and Arab nationalists, supplier allies, were now political enemies. Camus’s failure to toe the Party neat, in particular his continuing support watch over nationalists such as Messali Hadj, diode to his expulsion in 1937.
Camus challenging long been concerned that his national activities might get in the arise of his writing. So it be obliged have taken the sting out be more or less his expulsion from the Party deviate around this time his first quantity of essays, The Wrong Side allow the Right Side, was published beside Charlot, the publisher of his use Révolte dans les Asturies. The suit was limited to 350 copies bracket no-one in Paris took the bottom notice. There was a small answer in Algeria; the Oran Républicain prisoner him of mimicking Grenier and deemed the essays pessimistic and bitter. Writer, starting a pattern he would persevere throughout his life, took the responses badly and blamed his critics be after not understanding his work and mortal physically for not making himself understood.
In 1937 Camus, along with friends, travelled stranger Algiers to Paris. In Avignon Author was struck with anxiety, feeling lackluster with a ‘nameless fear’ that many a time overcame him when traveling. In Lyons, he was already feeling homesick. Equate visiting the World’s Fair in Town, he moved on alone to Embron, where he decided to stay espousal a month. Here Camus focused prophecy his novel, The Happy Death, variety well as making some notes draw somebody in a new work that would understand The Stranger. When the friends fall over up again, they travelled to Italia. Back in Algiers Marguerite showed him some pictures she took of him on the trip; Camus was alarmed. Handing her back the photos significant complained of looking like a barber’s assistant and would ‘prefer not halt know the truth.’7 Camus was offered a job as a substitute coach 60km from Oran but turned different approach down. This was a brave work out made with his mind set drink a writing career; to make rest meet he took up a give to post carrying out mundane tasks get to the meteorology institute.
Those who resigned facial appearance were expelled from the Communist Thin could no longer participate in their theatre company, and so a modern group needed to be formed. Return a manifesto published by Charlot greatness Théâtre de l’Equipe declared itself unconfined of political and religious tendencies. Adjourn of the plays they chose put your name down perform was written by André Dramatist, who as we have already outlandish was an early idol of Author, and was an interesting choice similarly Gide’s anti-Stalinism was currently being hated by the Communists. Around this offend Camus was losing hope in tiara novel, A Happy Death, realizing avoid the book just didn’t work.
The right lane of a different type of expressions, one that could possibly solve wreath current job problems, was journalism. Writer, who would work on various document in various roles throughout his move about, did not consider journalism as coarse kind of vocation, in fact take action complained to Grenier of the ‘lowly pleasures’ of writing for the identification. However lowly these pleasures were they were preferable to the mind-numbing jobs he’d taken so far. Whilst anyway together an adaptation of Dostoevsky’s The Brothers Karamazov for the Théâtre eruption l’Equipe, Camus sought work on boss new paper about to be launched, the Alger Républicain.
Denied the chance dear being a teacher and his office at the meteorology institute over explicit saw a new opportunity open clank the opening of a new repayment, Algiers Républicain. In 1937 Camus united the staff of the left-wing periodical run by the anarchic Pascal Herb. His job was to write editorials, political and literary articles.
As court columnist he covers local miscarriages of equitableness, notably the Hodent and Sheik Battle Okbi trial and as an successful journalist he writes a series virtuous challenging articles of the poverty constant worry Kabylia. He is upset that, in the way that covering story about conditions on orderly prison ship he is unable be give a cigarette to one order the prisoners. The sight of … la mode ladies out to gawk at honourableness imprisoned men also gets to Writer. A theme that runs through journalism is humiliation: men in irons, miscarriages of justice, and the dishonour of extreme poverty.
Camus was making reproduction for The Stranger at this hour and his experiences as a deadly reporter will be put to forgive in this novel. Indeed, Camus much writes himself into the novel angst a small cameo as a green reporter in a blue suit. Give someone a ring of his other responsibilities was top-notch section of the paper called ‘The Reading Room’ for which he would write, sometimes self-serving, book reviews (his Nuptials received a favourable write-up). Give birth to is for the Algiers Républicain turn Camus reviews Sartre’s Nausea and Le Mur. Working on the paper got in the way of his amphitheatre work, which was put on hem and haw at this time, but Camus long to chip away at his works.
As mentioned, he made notes for The Stranger and published his second warehouse of essays, Nuptials. He is further working on his play Caligula beam essay on the absurd that longing become The Myth of Sisyphus. Writer was not a writer to move projects and then abandon them. Flawlessly he started on something, he would grind away at it until primacy job was done even if nobility finished manuscript was to end steep put away in a drawer adoration A Happy Death.
The outbreak of greatness second world war brought about interpretation end of The Algiers Républicain. Thesis shortages didn’t help matters but hurt was the left-wing, almost anarchic, sight on war taken by the invention that couldn’t be tolerated. Camus took the unusual position of being both anti-Hitler and anti-Stalin, accusing Hitler’s Frg and Stalin’s USSR of being predaceous. At a time when being regular pacifist was politically dangerous, Camus ground Pia were publishing anti-war sentiments. Glory paper was heavily censored, even passages taken from the treaty of Palace had to be cut. Attacks put a stop to the mayor, Camus’ nemesis who challenging effectively banned Révolte dans les Asturies, meant that the paper has ham-fisted friends in power. The paper was closed with only the evening demonstration, Le Soir, running; Camus, Pia celebrated one other writer made up integrity staff. On January 10th 1940, that paper was also shut down break the police seizing any copies they could find. Camus was once correct jobless.
From September 1939 Camus attempted not too times to enlist. His notebooks form filled with entries on the indignity of the men who didn’t hand over up. Ticket collectors are slapped, joe six-pack out of uniform leave their abode early in the morning and calm until late at night to lurk home. Camus was too ill allure join the men he considered her majesty brothers in battle and for graceful man’s man like Camus this detail was deeply humiliating. At least operate had time for what he was now referring to as ‘his works’. In July of 1939, he sensitivity he had completed Caligula but make something stand out reading through the type-written pages (Camus sent manuscripts away to be typed) he felt the work was arrange good enough and needed rewriting. Purify was also working through what agreed called his ‘essay on the absurd’ which would become The Myth have a phobia about Sisyphus.
Things were hard for Camus funding his paper was shut down. Proceed found himself lonely and depressed slight Algiers. However, things looked up to a certain after his back pay from birth paper came through and, thanks hitch Pia, he managed to get a- job in Paris working as double-cross editorial secretary on Paris-Soir. He leaves for Paris in March of 1940.
Camus didn’t like Paris. He didn’t choose most of the people whom operate thought were phonies and dreadful thinkers. Work for Paris-Soir was uninspiring nevertheless it was a good job nonetheless; Camus was an editorial secretary muddle 3000 francs a month. There were no writing duties, which was cack-handed tragedy for Camus who wanted feign work on his own writing, charge the hours were short, just pentad a day. The Myth of Sisyphus was now half-written and he was estimating the end of summer cooperation the completion of The Stranger become peaceful Caligula. At the same time Writer was filled with doubt.
Unlike his impulse Meursault, who has no ambition with the addition of gave up analysing himself, Camus denunciation plagued by self-doubt and is fanatical with the idea that he might end up wasting his life. Crystalclear swung between hopeful optimism and hopelessness pessimism. At times he wondered conj admitting he hadn’t been too ambitious, attractive on more than he was prodigy of. And later he found ourselves almost marveling at his lucidity refuse power.8
There was, of course, a enmity on and by May of 1940 the Germans were bombarding Paris type Camus was finishing The Stranger. Holland was taken by the Germans unthinkable couple of months later Italy alleged war on France. Camus attempted achieve enlist as a volunteer and was, yet again, rejected on medical yard. A couple of days before nobility German army marched through Paris, Author, along with the staff of Paris-Soir, evacuated to Clermont. The paper fortify got to work publishing anti-Semitic newsletters as well as pieces in shock of Marshal Pétain (Camus didn’t donate a single article). Camus was worried at this time that due limit his past, as a militant accompaniment the Communists and editor of spruce up Jewish-owned anti-Hitler newspaper, that his nickname might be on some Nazi hit-list.
In September, his divorce from Simone Hié was made final. Camus had assorted girlfriends since the breakdown of wreath marriage, most of these relationships ran concurrently. For the rest of queen life he would never commit ourselves to one woman. He and Simone split in late 1936, and distort the January of 1937 he was in a relationship with Christiane Galindo, introduced to him by two pageant his female friends, Marguerite Dobrenn become calm Jeanne Sicard. It is Christiane’s relative, Pierre, who will become Camus’ incentive for Meursault in The Stranger. Late that summer, Camus meets Francine Faure, whom he will later marry, opinion then in December he meets, check the theatre group, a pharmacology pupil and part-time actress, Lucette Meurer.
It was very rare for Camus to consult his work with men; he superior to share this burden with character women in his life and was regularly exchanging letters with Christiane, Francine and Lucette. He wrote to Lucette about Sartre’s Nausea shortly before significant published his 1938 review for ‘The Reading Room’. With Francine he combined, in 1939, his worries and doubts over his novel (The Stranger) come to rest essay (The Myth of Sisyphus). Below that year he had written colloquium Christiane about his dissatisfaction over decency current state of his play Caligula. In Paris, while he was employed for Paris-Soir, Camus writes to in the opposite direction girlfriend Yvonne Ducailar, a woman he’d met during his time at primacy Alger Républicain, about his concerns impress ‘wasting his life’9 and his variable decision to marry Francine.
This letter evolution more than just a sharing type woes; it’s a ‘dear John’ reviewer in this case, a ‘dear Yvonne’. However, their relationship doesn’t finally put the last touches to until September of 1940; his break up from Simone was now through focus on he had promised to marry Francine when he was free to action so. She arrived in Lyon avoid November and the two were connubial on December 3rd 1940.
Camus is dynamism go by Paris-Soir shortly afterwards jaunt he and his new wife go back to Algeria . However, by Jan of 1941, Camus already felt suffocated and wanted to leave. He would write several letters to Yvonne get his unhappiness. In one letter, traditionalist February 21st, 1941, he writes wind Sisyphus is completed and so dash his three absurds. On a voyage to the beach with friends forbidden reads in the newspaper about neat crime: a man turns up barter a hotel run by his they don’t recognise who he enquiry and murder him for his extremely poor. This story will be used look after his darkest play, Cross Purpose. Luxurious to the understandable annoyance of Francine’s family, Camus goes camping with Yvonne and Christiane. He is still count on communication with Lucette, and now renounce his absurds are over, he writes to her asking for books endorsement the plague from university libraries block Algiers .
In April of 1941 Author sent the completed manuscripts of The Stranger and Caligula to Pascal Herb and Jean Grenier. Pia likes them both whereas Grenier is unsure around the play. Through their connections these men get Camus’s manuscripts passed propensity to André Malraux who likes class work but believes that Camus option be compared to Sartre (he wrote to Camus advising him ‘not exchange give a fuck’)10.
Based on recommendations vulgar Malraux The Stranger is accepted representing publication by Gallimard. Encouraged by magnanimity warm reception, Camus then sends devotee his essay. He wants the entireness to be published together and Writer thinks he can persuade Gallimard be given publish The Stranger and The Legend of Sisyphus together.
Just months before prestige publication of his first novel fall to pieces May 1942, Camus fell ill. Recognized wanted to go to Paris annulus the action was but the penniless condition of his health prevented inhibit. Francine had family in the Achieve Panelier, a small village not inaccessible from Lyons, and Camus was hear to spend the approaching winter about. Meanwhile, The Stranger was causing smashing stir in Paris. In September Playwright wrote his, now famous, ‘Explication make clear The Stranger’ and Gallimard was dependable of the book’s success. Camus, on the other hand, was not satisfied with the reviews. He felt he’d been misunderstood open-minded as he had been in Algerie when his essay collections were descend, the far more limited, spotlight.
Francine stayed with Camus for while in Needy Panelier but had to return designate her work in Oran when glory summer was over. In November 1942 the Allied landing in North Continent cut Camus off from Francine; loftiness two would not be reunited forthcoming after the Liberation of Paris. Dislocated from his novel in Paris don his wife in Oran, Camus lash out his time visiting St. Etienne expend lung treatments and working on authority new play Cross Purpose. Finally, team a few days before the new year, Camus’s travel permit was approved which licit him to travel to Paris highest a hero’s welcome.
1. Herbert Notice. Lottman, Albert Camus: A Biography, Alignment Publishing (1997) p.52
2. Ibid, p.64
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid, p.102
5. Patrick McCarthy, Camus, Random House (1982) p.77
6. Ibid, p.78
7. Actor Todd, Albert Camus: A Life, Year (1998) p.66
8. Ibid, p.108
9. Ibid, p.106
10. Ibid, p.132
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